Distributed Acoustic Sensing for railway technology

The benefits of Distributed Acoustic Sensing

DAS offers potential for many railway applications. This system’s advantages are many. It can continuously monitor tracks over great distances in real time. DAS installs easily and requires little maintenance. And a single system can serve several applications in parallel. DAS-based solutions maximize operational efficiency over the long haul, affording operators opportunities to reduce the human workload and conserve financial resources.

Diverse solutions powered by Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Connecting interrogator units transforms fiber optic cables into acoustic sensors. An interrogator emits coherent light pulses that micro-pollutants in the fiber optic cable backscatter to the interrogator. Small plastic displacements along the fiber optic cable induced by acoustic waves change the backscatter pattern. The interrogator observes this pattern to recognize the signatures of acoustic events in near real time and pinpoint their positions along the cable in a quasi-continuous mode.

Distributed Acoustic Sensing can serve many purposes – to continuously track trains in real time, to monitor the condition of infrastructure and rolling stock, and to detect obstacles on the track.

Innovative use cases:

• Continuous train tracking as part of a localization strategy incorporating moving block safe zones
• Continuous localization through tunnels, over mountains, and in forests where GPS localization is unavailable
• Early obstacle detection on sections with limited visibility
• Detection of people on the track, and theft and intruder surveillance
• Detection of wheel defects such as wheel flats, damage to tracks, and wear in the ballast bed
• Real-time passenger information
• Localization of voltage flash-overs in overhead lines

Versatile, tailored to fit, and innovative

Our innovative approaches are driving advances in Distributed Acoustic Sensing. We have been developing algorithms for a wide range of DAS use cases for more than five years now. To this end, we draw on state-of-the-art signal processing methods and apply our knowledge of systems and domain expertise. Big data processing and data analytics tools serve us well on our journey from the prototype to the final system. As independent developers, we are not limited to any specific interrogator manufacturer or hardware vendor.

Some of the many real-world examples of Distributed Acoustic Sensing in the railway sector include projects to furnish real-time passenger information and localize voltage surges in overhead lines. We aim to continue on this path of innovation, developing applications that are destined to become standard railway solutions.